Wrenchfest 2010

Wrenchfest in Kentucky

{This article appears in the April 2010 issue of Jeep Action magazine. Photos my Matt Gibson.}

Imagine taking a bone stock Jeep and installing a 4.5 inch lift with taller springs; replacement controls arms, longer shackles and a transfer case drop. Add a custom fabricated bumper and winch mount, front and rear lockers and trimmed fenders for clearance. Now imagine doing all that in one weekend.

That is exactly the transformation that Matt Gibson made to his Jeep in a friend’s backyard garage in Kentucky.

Matt is no stranger to organizing big events as he is the organizing force behind the Kentucky Derby Festival and Thunder Over Louisville. People who only know him from his day job often have no idea how he spends his adventure time.

Matt began by securing an appropriate work space. His friend Neal Hoover offered up a nice two bay workshop equipped with compressed air, a welder and plenty of space to work.

Next, he made the call to his friends on the Yahoo Groups XJlist for some wrenching help. This diverse group has had many off road adventures together and experience working together from many a trail repairs, but they had never done a project like this one. About a dozen members traveled from up to eight hours away to join the fun and help Matt get his rig built.

The main reason that it was possible to build a Jeep so quickly was that Matt already had all the parts he needed except for the front bumper and Winch mount installed on his old faithful XJ Red. Red however was now suffering from severe rust damage and a weakening engine. Rather than continue to patch Red, Matt elected to take over his wife’s white XJ which had just been replaced by a larger SUV.

Both Jeeps in the shop
Before

The transformation began on Friday with the group helping Neal clear his own projects from the shop to make space for the two Jeeps. His custom J truck was moved to a safe place at a neighbor’s house for the weekend and his off road XJ took up watch in the muddy yard after being used to load the J truck on the trailer.

Once the two XJ’s were on jack stands, Evan Purser who traveled form North Carolina began work on removing the front axle as a unit. This would swap the locker, Currie steering, lift springs and control arms with just six bolts or so. So began the good plan violently executed as the control arm bolts were all very rusted. However, as another team set to pulling the front from the white Jeep Evan and his team powered out the rusty bolts and had the axle on the ground and ready for transplant before the mid evening pizza break.

Front axle dropped from red Jeep
Front axle dropped from red Jeep

Mike Strawbridge and his son Scott who drove from Tennessee began work removing the rear axle assembly. The front spring bolt was rusted solid and even cutting into the floor to access the nut did not release it. They finally had to cut the bolt to extract the spring.

On Saturday morning Adam Olukalns, also from Tennessee, began work on fabricating a new bumper and winch mount. After a few mock ups he and Brian Klotz took over the picnic table as a cutting and welding surface and began their art work.

Matt’s brother Mitch brought doughnuts and coffee for the group before he, Neal and Wayne set into wrenching on the rear axle of the white Jeep.

Matt kept the group organized with complete list of tasks to be done on a white board in the shop. He tried getting involved with the wrenching as much as possible but he was always called away for a decision on the Jeep or for other organizational duties.

The list!
The list!

The rear leaf spring bolts on the white Jeep proved just as stubborn as the red Jeep and the floor had to be cut as the nut broke loose in the unibody. Soon however, both rear axle assemblies were on the floor ready to be swapped.

At lunch break Neal took every one next door to see his project custom J Truck. The body was fresh back from the paint shop looked great as the group pushed it out into the sun shine for viewing. Matt’s wife Allison supplied plenty of chili and hot wings for the group to eat and kept the food coming the entire weekend.

One the lifted axles were in place under the white Jeep, Mike and Scott set the red jeep on the stock axle even without the benefit of bolts to hold it in place. They put some spare wheels on it and pushed it out side. This made space to move the bumper fabrication process inside.

Bumper fabrication
Bumper fabrication

Once inside, Adam began giving welding lessons as he practiced his art. Frosty, a local, welded up the rear floor that had been cut and Mike installed the transfer case drop removed from the Red Jeep.

Work Continues on the white Jeep
Work continues on the white Jeep

Having so many people working in close proximity proved the team work of this diverse group who mostly see each other once or twice a year. The only resource that became a scarcity was the 220V outlet that had to be shared between welder and the air compressor. The group quickly worked out how to let the compressor run to fill the storage tank and then swap back to the welder.

Josh Purvis began trimming the fenders for extra clearance after Scott removed the stock fender flares. The result looks better-than-factory

By late Saturday night, most of the list was checked off on the white board. Even his snorkel made the move and was hooked up to the intake.

New front bumper in place
New front bumper in place

Sunday morning, Mike and Scott loaded up the left over Red Jeep parts to be used on other XJlist member Jeeps. In the shop, final details were made to the bumper and trimmed fenders.

The steering was reconnected, seat covers installed and brakes were bled and by early afternoon, Matt was able to drive the Jeep out of the garage. Before the test drive Neal showed the group how to align the front suspension and the Jeep drove perfectly.

Ready for a test drive.
After.

Being able to build an off road ready Jeep in one weekend was made possible by careful planning and having a great group of friends working together to make it happen. Many of the group commented that this weekend working together was one of the most fun times they have had as a group. That says a lot considering the adventures this crew has undertaken over the years. Working as a team to accomplish a goal and seeing the result drive away was very rewarding. Rewarding not only to Matt, but to all those who worked to make it happen.

We all look forward to seeing the new white Jeep on the trail soon.

Some of the folks that made it happen
Some of the folks that made it happen

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The Spirituality of Driving

The Spirituality of Driving

Special Stage one Rally Tennessee 2005

In his book, The Power of Now, one of the examples Eckhart Tolle uses of people who naturally live in the moment are people who drive race cars. Being in the moment is how he defines a spiritual process.

Having driven in automobile races and rallies, I understand what he is saying. In order to be competitive and to drive safely, you need to have your mind clearly focused on the task at hand when driving a race car. If you are thinking about what you did last week, or what you plan to do after the race, you will loose time on the track and in the worst case, you will crash the car.

I have also found that driving off road makes me focus on the moment almost as much as racing. While the time pressure is not always there in the off road environment, the need to be clearly alert to my surroundings is. I have to know where my tires are at all times and be keenly aware of the amount of traction available. I can’t do any of that if my mind is distracted or focused elsewhere.

Often as we drive our daily commutes, we do not have this keen focus to the task of driving. We sometimes put driving on mental auto pilot and allow our minds to wander through all sorts of thoughts – some that make us happy and others that bring us grief.

We can however choose to use any time behind the wheel as a deeply spiritual time. By simply focusing on driving the car and paying attention to the surroundings, we can bring our focus in to the eternal now and block out thoughts of past and future.

Often it is easier to bring back attention to driving by taking a different route. For example, instead of taking the interstate, take the old US highway that parallels it. It may take a few minutes longer but just notice the feeling of release that you feel as you look at the scenery and focus on the details of driving the car.

Even a familiar road can bring release if you focus on feeling the contact of the wheels to the pavement through the steering wheel. Listen to the sounds of the engine and the whirr of the gears turning making the car go forward.

I like driving my Jeep because it gives me a great feeling of being in contact with the road. A quieter car does not give me this same feeling of connectedness. I also get this feeling form driving sports cars whose stiff suspension keeps me in touch with the road surface.

It is easy to make driving a spiritual experience. Just focus on the things that are happening right now in the moment. Forget about all the things in the past that you are driving away from. Stop worrying about the potential future that may or may not happen when you get there. Just focus your attention to driving the car right now where you are.

Jeep Cherokee Transmission replacement

When my friend Jennifer started having trouble with the transmission in her Jeep Cherokee, I was really surprised. The AW4 in the Cherokee is a very reliable transmission. However, hers was becoming very sluggish to engage either drive or reverse when cold. It would work fine once warm but was taking longer and longer to warm up each morning.

Another friend of ours had a transmission available as he was parting out his old off road Jeep. I made the trip to Kentucky to help him swap parts and picked up the left overs. Loading it on the trailer was fun since it had no brakes after the axle swap. But it did prove the transmission worked fine.

The swap began with removing the transmission and transfer case from the donor Jeep. Since both Jeeps had the 231 transfer case I decided to simply swap the transmission and transfer case as a unit.

I began by disconnecting the transmission control and sensor wires at the firewall. There are three connectors. Also the transmission kick down cable needs to be disconnected from the throttle linkage. The battery cable needs to be disconnected at this time as well.

With the Jeep on the lift, I removed the two drive shafts. Then the starter and the inspection plate from the front of the transmission. Next, I unplugged the wires to the oxygen sensor and removed the bolts holding the exhaust to the manifold. I also unbolted the transmission filler tube from the backing plate.

I fabricated a mount for my hydraulic lift table to hold the transmission and transfer case so I could lower it down once it was loose. I cut the exhaust between the muffler and tail pipe to make it easier to handle.

With the transmission supported by my table, I removed he cross member. This is when I discovered that the transmission mount was broken and had been for some time. The transfer case shift linkage was slightly damaged due to the movement, so I left it in place and simply disconnected it from the transfer case. The exhaust came down with the cross member as well.

Next I removed the cooling lines from the side of the transmission. It took quite a while to clear the dirt and mud out of the quick connects to get them to release. I used a dental pick to scrape between the tube and the connector.

Next I removed the four bolts that secure the torque converter to the flex plate. I was surprised at how easy the engine turned over indicating that it was low on compression, although it ran well.

Then I lowered the transmission slightly to get better access to the upper bolts. Then I removed the crank shaft position sensor.

Next I removed the two large bolts on either side of the transmission that secure it to the block. Then using the proper socket and about three feet of extensions, I removed the two inverse torx bolts from the top of the transmission.

With the transmission loose I began to drop it down. That is when I noticed I had missed one of the bolts that secures the cover plate to the transmission. With that last bolt out, the transmission slid out easily.

The only glitch was that I made my holder too tall and it would not roll out form under the Jeep. I had to use my engine hoist to lift the axle enough to clear the bell housing. I then used the hoist to lower the transmission transfer case unit to the floor.

Then I towed the donor Jeep back out into the yard.

Next I put Jenny’s Jeep in the shop and began disconnecting the stuff under the hood. When I disconnected the transmission control wires I noticed one of the plugs was different and filed that away in my mental notes for later.

The exhaust was broken between the tail pipe and the muffler so I did not have to cut hers to drop it. Otherwise, I used the same procedure to drop her transmission and transfer case as a unit as I did the donor Jeep.

I had a really hard time with the transmission lines on her Jeep however. The plastic quick connect pretty much crumbled away instead of releasing. On one I had to unscrew the coupling from the transmission to get it off the line. The connection to the radiator was easy on hers however because a previous owner had cut off the quick connect and just clamped the hose to the metal line.

While working with the lines however, I think I found the cause of the transmissions early demise. Right at the oil pan both lines were crushed. On line was nearly pinched off. Looks like sometime in its history this Jeep suffered a track bar failure allowing the axle to contact the oil pan and crush the transmission lines. I am sure the transmission had trouble maintain proper pressure and cooling with the restricted flow.

I checked on the price of new lines but the Jeep dealer wanted $170 for the set. I decided to recover the lines from the donor Jeep. It took a while working on the cold wet ground but I finally worked the lines out intact saving all the plastic connectors.

With both transmission on the floor beside each other, I started sorting out the differences in the 92 vs 94 wiring. It turned out he only difference was the speed sensor for the speedometer drive. I planned to change it any way due to possible differences in the speedometer drive gear. It turned out both used the green gear so that would not have been a concern. However, I had to make the swap to have compatible wiring connectors.

After slightly modifying my lift table, I set about reinstalling the transmission. I use a floor jack and a pole under the oil pan to help align the engine with the transmission and it slipped in easily. After installing the two large side bolts, I lowered the assembly slightly to install the two inverse torx bots on the top.

Next I installed the starter and exhaust pipe and the good transmission mount. After raising the assembly close to its proper place I installed the torque converter bolts and replaced the inspection plate.

Jenny’s Jeep is fitted with a transfer case drop to reduce drive line vibration caused by her three inch lift. The drop uses longer bolts and spacer blocks to mount her cross member.

I noticed that her cross member was twisted so I replaced it with the one from the donor Jeep. This one was also pretty beat up from off road abuse but at least it did not have a twist.

As I tightened the bolts I found one of them was stripped out in the unibody. Rather than try a more complicated repair, I found a long all thread bolt and cut off the head to make a stud. I then welded the stud in place in the unibody. Having a stud here actually makes bolting the cross member in place much easier as it keeps the spacer from sliding out on that side.

I welded up her muffler where the tail pipe was broken out. Once it was all in place I set it down and attached the wires and installed the dip stick tube. I then reattached the battery.

A quick test drive showed there was no delay in uptake to drive or reverse unlike the previous transmission. It was well within the 1.2 second spec for engagement even cold.

I headed out of the driveway for a road test. All went fine until I got onto the pavement. It simply refuse to switch out of first gear. I drive a lot of different driving options but to no avail.

Back in the shop, I started reading the trouble shooting guide in Factory Shop manual. failure to shift our of first was not one of the possible failure modes listed in the book!

I next started following the test procedure. The first step was to check for mechanical operation of the transmission. This step involves disconnecting the transmission computer and shifting manually. I dug under the passenger side dash and disconnected the controller.

A test drive showed the transmission functioned perfectly in manual mode. All gears engaged properly. I then plugged back in the computer and it stayed in first gear.

Assuming I had somehow damaged the computer or maybe it was not as compatible between different years as I had been told, I removed the computer from the donor Jeep and connected it to Jenny’s Jeep.

It still stayed in first. Completely stumped, I took a break and posted my question to the XJ list. A reply from Dave had me checking the throttle position sensor, and speed sensor inputs. I saw that the computer used these two inputs to decide when to shift.

The throttle position sensor tested out to within specs. And I assumed that since the speedometer worked, that the speed sensor must work also. However, after some more reading in the shop manual, I noticed there were in fact two speed sensors.

Testing it was a bit difficult due to access to the wires so I first decided to test the one on the floor. Once I figured out where to connect the test leads I saw the sensor made two pulses per revolution of the drive shaft.

When I connected my test leads to the one in the Jeep, it was constantly on and did not change like it was supposed to. I was on to something now.

The biggest trouble was that this sensor is located under a bracket that holds the transmission to the transfer case and holds the shift linkage. It is locate just about the cross member and on top of the transmission.

Access meant supporting the transmission, removing the cross member and lowering the assembly enough to remove the bracket and get to the sensor. Eventually, I accessed the sensor and as I removed it to swap it for the good on, I saw the problem.

The wires had been damaged by the shift linkage when the grommet popped out sometime ago. I guess moving the wires around made then contact in the bare spots as the transmission had been working fine before I pulled it out.

With the replacement sensor in place and all the metal parts bolted back up, I took it for another test drive. This time it shifted perfectly.

I swapped out a few more parts from the donor Jeep like the fan shroud and seat cushions and delivered it back to Jenny. She seemed very happy to have her Jeep back. Especially now that she does not have to wait ten to fifteen minutes from the time she cranks it until she can drive it.

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Driving in Southern Snow without Snow Tires.

Driving in Snow
Wild Oak Road In snow

I live in Tennessee so we rarely get snow. When we do, it is usually not like the snow they get in colder climates. When I worked the Snow*Drift Rally in Michigan, I got to see what driving in real snow was like.

Here we normally get slush. In colder climates, the snow is more powdery and from my experience in Michigan, actually has some traction. The ice however is about the same both places. Except in Michigan, it seemed at times to actually get cold enough for the rubber to stick to the ice. Here, it never does.

In colder climates, they use soft siped tires like Nokians that get great traction in the ice and snow. A set of siped soft compound tires would not last long here as the roads get warm and dry pretty fast.

This morning I woke up to 17 degrees and about 1/2 inch of snow on the driveway. The ground was solidly frozen underneath. This is rare for Tennessee. Normally the ground will still be slushy under the snow.

I actually considered mounting up the Kumho Rally tires to my Jeep, but correctly guessed that the snow would only be on my half mile long dead end road. Once out on the main road the snow was packed to ice. My BFG AT’s get poor traction in snow and ice but the Kumho Rally tires are not much better on ice.

I used the part time setting of my NP 242 transfer case which locks the center differential as I headed down the steep hill of my driveway. The snow and frozen gravel gave plenty of traction. As I made the transition onto pavement, I found it a bit slipperier but still fine.

As I turned off my dead end road onto the secondary road, I found it covered in ice. I could see from the tire tracks in the ditches and from the number of downed signs and mailboxes that it must be pretty slick. I had no trouble accelerating even up hills in Part Time four wheel drive, but I knew stopping would be another matter.

Just before I topped a steep hill, I tested the barking traction and found indeed it was very slick. I was glad I had topped the hill slowly as I saw there were lots of skid marks on the down slope. I am glad I did not meet whoever was trying to get up earlier and left all the marks in the oncoming lane.

One I made it out to the State Highway which had been salted, I found the normal slush and mostly just wet pavement. Here, I switched the NP 242 to Full time opening the center differential. This allows the transfer case to compensate for my unevenly inflated tires and allows cornering without binding.

As I got closer to town, the pavement was mostly dry with occasional slick spots. With the open differential I was able to remain in four wheel drive for added security all the way to my office.

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Black Friday at Wooly’s Off Road

Jeep Cherokee off road at Wooly's off road
Jeep Cherokee off road at Wooly's off road

Last year my son Scott and I visited Wooly’s Off Road park near Lewisburg, Tn while our wives shopped on the Friday after Thanksgiving. Last year we took his mom’s Cherokee complete with street tires and Motives Makeup decals. We saw enough of the place to know we wanted to go back. It took us a year but we finally made it back to Wooly’s with our off road Jeep.

Playing on the rocks at Woolys
Playing on the rocks at Woolys

The trails at Wooly’s straight right out of the parking lot. There are also trails on both sides of the road. Unfortunately they don’t have maps available. There is a crude map on the wall where you check in but nothing to take with us. However the trails are really compact so you really can’t get very lost.

After playing around on the trails a while and exploring, we decided to tackle so of the more challenging obstacles. There is a nice rock climb right behind the barn. As I was going off the top of the climb we saw a couple of Wranglers. They told us about another rock climb near by so we headed over to try it out.

The trial we were on led us to a spot about a quarter way up the climb. It was a narrow trail that intersected at a 90 degree angle. As I tried to maneuver onto the rocks to head up the hill, I got hung up on a stump. I thought I could use it to pivot the back of the jeep down the hill an get the nose pointed up. However, that did not work and I ended up sliding sideways down the hill. After a few dozen back and forth movements while feeling very tippy, I finally got my Jeep pointed up the hill. However in the process, I managed to severely bend one of my newly installed ZJ lower control arms. With the aid of my front locker I made it up the climb relatively easily.

With the control arm bent we decided to take it easy the rest of the day. I went back down to the parking lot and it seemed to track straight so we headed across the street to the less rocky side of the park. I thought this would be a good time for Scott to get more experience behind the wheel.

It took him a few stall to get used to the clutch but after he did he got really good at maneuvering up and down the hills. At one place there are several paths up the same hill. Scott did three or four runs at progressively steeper climbs.

We then headed over to the part of the park where the old home place is located. There we found an old spring house.

Spring House
Spring House

Water trough
Water trough

We remembered a rock garden that we had tried in Janice’s street Jeep but did not go very far last year. It took us a while to find is because it had become over grown by weeds and briers.

Small Rock garden
Small Rock garden

This was a good place for Scott to learn where the tires were and how to place them on the rocks. He ran the course several times taking different lines.

Fun in the rocks
Fun in the rocks

It looked like fun so I decided to give it a run. We played around on some more trails before heading back to the trailer in the early afternoon.

We then decided to explore the south part of the park. With no map, it took us a while to find the right trails to connect to that part. Scott found a really fun climb between two trails. It had large rocks but with good access.

Scott climbing rocks
Scott climbing rocks

After running this climb several times using different lines, Scott noticed were running low of fuel. We took a long run around the perimeter of the park to make it back to the trailer. Even though there was still daylight left, we decided to pack up an go because we were very tired and there was now fuel station anywhere close.

There is still alot of trails that we never ran. A guide or a map would be a great help. Thinking back, we should have joined up with the two Wranglers and followed them around. But we did have a lot of fun just exploring on our own pace.

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